Yintoni intsimbi etyhidiweyo?
Intsimbi yokuphosa liqela lealloyi zentsimbi eziquka phakathi kwe-2% kunye ne-4% yekhabhoni.Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsimbi, inokufikelela kwi-5%.Yenziwe ngokunyibilikisa intsimbi yentsimbi okanye intsimbi yehagu kwaye ixutywe neentsimbi ezilahliweyo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinye ialloys.Emva koko loo nto ityhidiweyo igalelwa kwisingundo, okanye ityhidiwe.Iyaqina kwimo yokungunda ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukomelela kwayo.Umxholo we-Cast iron-high-carbon unika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kunye nokomelela.
Yintoni intsimbi etyhidiweyo etyhidiweyo?
Intsimbi enyibilikayo etyhidiweyo yenziwa ngobushushu bonyango lwentsimbi.Le nkqubo inciphisa umxholo wekhabhoni kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kunye ne-ductility.Ekuqaleni, isinyithi esimhlophe esimhlophe - olunye uhlobo lwentsimbi enomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni - luphonswa.Ithi ke ifudunyezwe ngezantsi kwendawo yayo yokunyibilika ixesha elide, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ikhabhoni iguquke ibe yigraphite.Oku kubangela ukwakheka kwamaqhuqhuva okanye iingqukuva, kudala intsimbi etyhidiweyo ethambileyo.Inkqubo ye-annealing inciphisa ukunyanzeliswa, ukwandisa ukuchasana nokuqhekeka kunye nokwenza ukugoba kunye nokubunjwa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
Iipropati ze-Cast-iron
Ziziphi iimpawu zentsimbi etyhidiweyo?Oko kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsimbi, esiludwelise ngezantsi.Okukhona uphezulu umthamo wekhabhoni, kokukhona i-brittle iron iron, iyenza ibe sesichengeni sokuqhekeka kunye nokuqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo.Ngobunzima obuphezulu be-thermal, i-iron cast nayo inokugcina ubushushu obugqwesileyo.
| Uhlobo lwentsimbi | Iipropati zentsimbi |
| Intsimbi engwevu | Amandla asezantsi okuqina kwaye angabi njenge-ductile njengezinye iintsimbi;ukumelana nomhlwa;brittle kakhulu - kunzima ukwenza umphezulu ogudileyo;umqhubi we-thermal ogqwesileyo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokudambisa i-vibration. |
| Intsimbi emhlophe | Ayinakutshiselwa;amandla aphezulu okucinezela kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle;iipropati ezigqwesileyo kwizicelo ezinempembelelo ephantsi. |
| Intsimbi yentsimbi | I-graphite ye-nodular kwi-microstructure yayo ngokongezwa kwe-magnesium, inika amandla aphezulu, ukuqina kunye ne-ductility kune-iron engwevu. |
| Intsimbi yegraphite edityanisiweyo | Ulwakhiwo lwegraphite, iipropathi ezihambelanayo zingumxube wentsimbi engwevu namhlophe, ukomelela okuphezulu kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-ductility kunentsimbi engwevu. |
Isetyenziselwa ntoni intsimbi?
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-iron kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentsimbi.Uya kubona ukugqithelana ngezantsi.Siphinde saquka ukusetyenziswa kwesinyithi esithambileyo.
| Intsimbi yokuphosa esetyenzisiweyo | Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi |
| Intsimbi engwevu | Imibhobho, imizimba yevalvu, amalungu evalvu, izindlu zezixhobo zoomatshini, amagubu eziqhoboshi |
| Intsimbi emhlophe | Usetyenziso apho kukho ingxabano etyibilikayo phakathi kwemiphezulu emibini, oko kukuthi, iipleyiti zokunxiba & iilitha zezixhobo zemigodi, izixube zesamente, iibhola zokusila kunye nomzobo othile uyafa & nemilomo yokukhupha. |
| Intsimbi yentsimbi | Imibhobho yamanzi nemibhobho yogutyulo, itrektara kunye namalungu okuphumeza, iikhrankshafti zeemoto kunye nedizili, ipistons neentloko zecylinder;izixhobo zombane, iibhokisi zokutshintsha, iifreyimu zeemoto & namacandelo e-circuit breaker;izixhobo zemigodi: amagubu okunyusa, iipuli zokuqhuba, ii-flywheels kunye nee-emele ze-elevator;& nentsimbi yokusila: iingcango zesithando somlilo & nemiqulu yetafile |
| Intsimbi yegraphite edityanisiweyo | Iibhloko ze-injini ye-diesel, izindlu ze-turbo, ii-manifolds zokukhupha |
| Intsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyo | Uloliwe oqhuba iimoto kunye namalungu e-axle, izixhobo zezolimo nezomgaqo kaloliwe;kwakhona, ulwandiso lwamalungu kunye nokujulwa kweziporo kwiibhulorho, iindibano zekhonkco-hoist, ii-casters zemizi-mveliso, izifakelo zemibhobho, & neentonga zokuqhagamshela |
Intsimbi yokuphosa vs intsimbi ethambileyo
Iimpawu zentsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyo ziquka ubuchule obukhethekileyo, ukuqina kunye ne-ductility.Iyakwazi ukumelana nomothuko, inesakhono esibalaseleyo sokumelana namanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo.
Intsimbi ethambileyo kulula ukusebenza ngayo kuneentsimbi ezityhidiweyo.Umzekelo, iintsimbi ezithambileyo okanye izifakelo zemibhobho ethambileyo zinokwenzeka kwizakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokunyibilika ngaphezu kweentsimbi ezityhidiweyo kwi-1260 ° C - kwakhona, oku kuxhomekeke kwi-alloys kwi-iron cast, njengobungakanani bekhabhoni equlethwe kuyo.Kodwa indawo yokunyibilika yentsimbi ephantsi ihlala isezantsi inika ukugalelwa okungcono, ukuze igalele ngokulula kubumba ngaphandle kokupholisa ngokukhawuleza.
Olunye uthelekiso: intsimbi ethambileyo vs. izifakelo zentsimbi.Intsimbi ethambileyo ayinakohlulwa ukuze isuswe lula, njengoko kufakwe intsimbi.
Izinto eziluncedo zentsimbi ekhatywayo
Ingaba kuvakala nini ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyo?Xa ufuna ezi zibonelelo:
I-Ductility - ilungele izicelo eziza kufuna umatshini omkhulu ngexesha lokugqiba.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-iron ductile, ayinayo inqanaba elifanayo lamandla okuqina, ukuqina kunye nokumelana neempembelelo, kodwa isenza kube lula ukwenza umatshini ngaphandle kokwaphuka.
Inokwenziwa mcaba kwaye inyandwe, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi ezisamente ezinokuphuka okanye zophuka.
- Iphantse yomelele njengentsimbi yentsimbi engwevu.
- Ukumelana nempembelelo elungileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu.
Ukungalungi kwentsimbi ethambileyo
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zentsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyo inezingeloncedo, Soloko uqaphela icala elisezantsi lemathiriyeli:
Iyancipha xa ipholile, njengoko ilahlekelwa umthamo.Zonke iintsimbi ezityhidiweyo - okanye nayiphi na imathiriyeli - ikwenza oku ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kodwa icace ngakumbi ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo.
Ukunganyangeki kokutya okuphantsi.
Ayinamandla njengentsimbi yentsimbi okanye intsimbi.Ukusetyenziswa okudinga amandla aphezulu okanye amandla acinezelayo, khetha enye intsimbi.
Inokuba brittle kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, iyenze ibe sesichengeni sokuqhekeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-13-2024